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Glossary of terms/forwarding terminology (E - J)

A - D | E - J | K- O | P - U | V - Z

Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) 
Free trade zone comprising of 15 countries in West Africa.

E-fulfilment 
The selling of goods via the internet direct to customers.

Enhanced Remote Transit Shed (ERTS) 
Temporary storage facility in port/airport where non-community goods may be held until they are Customs cleared.

European Free Trade Agreement (EFTA) 
Intergovernmental organisation set up to promote free trade and economic integration between all European countries.

European Union (EU) 
European countries belonging to a political and economical community providing a single market for goods, services, people and capital.

Export Credits Guarantee Department (ECGD) 
Government run credit agency offering loans to UK exporters to aid the sourcing of capital and project-related goods overseas.

Extensible Mark Up Language (XML) 
Assists the sharing of structured data across computer information systems and improves the functionality of the Web by identifying information in a more accurate, flexible, and adaptable way.

Freight Tonne (F/T) 
A unit of volume used to describe ship capacities (tonnage) or cargo, calculated on freight weight / measurement balance.

Full Container Load (FCL) 
Shipper pays for whole container unit.

General System of Preferences 
An alternative to a certificate of origin, provided to developing countries to allow their exported products minimal tax and duty charges when shipping to developed countries.

Hague / Hague-Visby Rules 
International rules applied to any bill of lading relating to the carriage of goods by sea.

Hamburg Rules 
Update to Hague / Hague-Visby rules, providing an improved balance between the responsibilities of shipper and carrier for ocean freight.

House Air Waybill (HAWB) 
Contract between shipper and freight forwarder combining all individual air waybills into a single house air waybill to cover the consolidated shipment.


International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code)
International guidelines governing hazardous goods on sea shipments in order to provide safer transportation, protect crew members, and prevent marine pollution.

Incoterms 
Universally recognised sales terms which determine the point of transport where responsibility and payment of goods is passed from the shipper to the buyer.

Institute Cargo Clause
Cargo insurance policies adopted by most international marin insurance organisations.

Insurable Interest 
Policy covering the shipping of lost or damaged goods, which has caused the shipper financial loss.

International Air Transport Association (IATA) 
International trade organisation assisting airlines to provide safe and scheduled air travel at inexpensive uniformed prices.

International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) 
International organization promoting and supporting economic growth, worldwide trade and globalisation.

International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) 
Agency of the United Nations providing worldwide technical development to international air transport ensuring safe and orderly growth.

International Conventions 
Body governing the international carriage of goods for sea, air, road, and rail.

International Standards Organisation (ISO) 
International standard setting body established to connect the public and private sectors of worldwide industrial and commercial standards.

Inward Processing Relief (IPR) 
Goods are imported from outside the EU, processed, and then exported back outside the EU without the need to pay Customs duty or VAT.


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